Hemorrhoids are swollen veins around the anus and in the rectum (the very lowest portion of the colon) that may protrude from the anus. The word hemorrhoid comes from hemo (Greek for “blood”) and rrhoos (discharging”). They are also known as piles, from the Latin word pila, meaning “ball”. Hemorrhoids are very much like varicose veins; they enlarge and lose their elasticity, resulting in saclike protrusions into the anal canal. They are not tumors or growths. There are different types of hemorrhoids, depending on their location, severity, and the amount of pain, discomfort, or aggravation they cause. These are: External. These develop under the skin at the opening of the anal cavity. They may form a hard lump and cause painful swelling if the blood clot forms. When an external hemorrhoid swell, the tissue in the area becomes firm but sensitive and turns blue or purple in color. This type of hemorrhoids most often affects younger people and can be extremely painful.

Internal. Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the rectum. They are usually painless, especially if located above the anorectal line, because rectal tissue lack nerve fibers. Internal hemorrhoids do, however, tend to bleed. When they do, the blood appears bright red.
Prolapsed. A prolapsed hemorrhoid is an internal hemorrhoid that collapses and protrudes outside the anus, often accompanied by a mucous discharge and heavy bleeding. Prolapsed hemorrhoids can become thrombosed-that is, they can form clots within that prevent their receding. Thrombosed hemorrhoids can also be excruciatingly painful.
The most common symptoms of hemorrhoids include itching, burning, pain, inflammation, swelling, irritation, seepage, and bleeding. The bleeding, which is usually bright red during bowel movements, can starting, even frightening. Other symptoms are loss of appetite, yellowish face due to excess bleeding and feeling of the heaviness at the opening of anus.
They can be caused, and aggravated, by sitting or standing for prolonged periods, violent coughing, lifting heavy objects (or lifting even relatively light objects improperly), and straining at bowel movements (especially when constipated, although bouts of diarrhea accompanied by involuntary spasms can exacerbate the problem). Other factors that can cause or contribute to the formation of hemorrhoids include obesity, lack of exercise, liver damage, food allergies, hypertension and insufficient consumption of insufficient liquids that causes hard stools. Caffeine, alcohol, nuts, and spicy foods may worsen the symptoms.
Hemorrhoids are common during pregnancy and after childbirth. Hormonal changes and pressure exerted by growing fetus may be the reason. Approximately half of all Americans have had hemorrhoids by the age of fifty. The incidence increases with age until age seventy, then begins to decrease again. Dietary and nutritional habits probably play a greater role in this disorder than anything else. Hemorrhoids can occur at any age, but they tend to become more common as people age. Among younger people, pregnant women and women who have had children seem to be the most susceptible. The tendency to develop hemorrhoids can be quite painful, they do not usually pose a serious threat to health.

HOME REMEDIES
Aloe vera gel, applied directly on the anus, has properties similar to aspirin. It can relieve pain and soothe the burning sensation.
Boil 20g of sesame seeds in 500 ml of water and drink it.
Roast 1 tbsp of black cumin seeds and mix with 1 tbsp of unroasted black cumin seeds to make a fine powder. Take 1/2 a tsp of this powder with a glass of water at least once in a day.
Cold-water treatment also helps the veins to shrink and tones up the walls. The treatment should be taken twice a day by sitting in a tub filled with cold-water up to the chin level.
Take a quarter liter of goat's milk. Keep it for curdling overnight. In the morning, add an equal quantity of carrot juice to it. Blend them together and drink it. You can also have freshly prepared goat's milk yogurt with some freshly chopped carrots. This is a very effective remedy for the treatment of bleeding piles.
Bayberry, goldenseal root, myrrh, and white oak, used in a salve form, work like conventional hemorrhoid preparation-possibly better.
A paste made from powdered comfrey root can be used in a poultice to heal bleeding hemorrhoids.
The black berry fruit is should be taken with salt every morning for two or three months. The use of the fruit in this manner during every season will affect a complete cure from bleeding piles.
Prepare some buttermilk from cow's milk. In this add some peppercorns, ginger and rock salt. Drink this twice a day. This reduces the pains of the piles and helps in treating them on an urgent basis.
Take one piece of turmeric and grind it to powder. Take some yogurt in a bowl. Add to this some flowers of the tamarind plant and a portion of pomegranate juice. Blend this thoroughly. Then add coriander and ginger pastes to the blended yogurt. Eat this in the afternoon with lunch. This pacifies the pains of the hemorrhoids.
An elderberry poultice can relieve the pain associated with hemorrhoids. A mullein poultice can be used as well.
Take the peels of a pomegranate, put them in a vessel of water and bring the water to a boil. Drink a glassful of this water once in the morning and once in the evening.
Extract the juice of a turnip and take about 150 milliliters of the juice. This juice must be drunk directly, with an accompaniment of other vegetables like spinach, watercress or carrots. The juice of turnip should not be taken alone.
White radish, well ground into a paste in milk can also be applied over inflamed pile masses to relieve pain and swelling.
Take one small onion and add about three tablespoonfuls of sugar to it. The onion should be raw for better effects. This onion with sugar is meant to be eaten twice everyday.
Brew a strong, warm tea using the herb lady’s mantle (yarrow), and apply with a cotton ball several times a day.
Witch hazel is helpful because of its astringent properties. Apply it three times daily with a sterile cotton pad to shrink the swollen vein.
Other beneficial herbs include buckthorn bark, collinsonia root, parsley, red grape vine leaves, and stone root. These can be taken in capsule or tea form.
Soak 3 or 4 figs overnight in water after being cleaned thoroughly in hot water. They should be taken first thing in the morning along with the water in which they were soaked. They should also be taken in evening also keep repeating this till 4, 5 weeks.
Take some white radish. Grate it and extract its juice. Mix this juice with a little honey. Apply this mixture directly on the affected parts. This will provide relief to the piles and will help in the treatment.
A cup of milk boiled with mashed banana and taken thrice a day is alsobeneficial for piles.
The powder of mango seeds should be given in doses of about one and a half to two grams with or without honey, twice daily.
White radish is considered highly valuable in piles; 100 mg of grated radish mixed with a teaspoon of honey may be taken twice daily or can be consumed in juice form.. It should be given in doses of 60 to 90 ml, morning and evening.
Wheat grass juice used as an enema helps detoxify the walls of the piles. The general procedure is to give an enema with lukewarm or margosa water. After waiting for twenty minutes, 90 to 120 ml of the wheat grass juice enema is given. This should be retained for fifteen minutes.
The herb chebulic myroblan is a popular remedy for piles. It is very effective as a laxative and is highly astringent. The fruit should be roasted to a brown colour in cluster oil, and then powdered and stored. Half a teaspoon of this powder at bedtime will bring about normal bowel movements in the morning, and the astringent property of the fruit will heal masses. A decoction of the herb prepared by boiling six 10 seven dry fruits in half a liter of water should be used for washing bleeding piles. The paste of the fruit mixed in bland oil is good as an external application.
Take 10 grams of black mustard and grind them to a very thin powder. Then put this powder in 150 milliliters of goat's milk. Then add 5 grams of sugar in it. Mix them thoroughly and drink it early in the morning. This is a good remedy for bleeding piles.
Use a peeled clove of garlic as a suppository three times a week. A raw potato suppositories can also be used to heal hemorrhoids and relieve pain.
Take some slices of yam and dry them. Grind this into a powder. Then take 160 grams of this powder and add white leadwort (Plumbago zeylanica, chitraka) into it in the measure of 80 grams. Then add 10 grams of black pepper and 500 grams of jaggery. Add these thoroughly and make pellets of them about the size of cherries. Eat one of these pellets in the morning and one in the evening. This is an effective remedy for destroying the piles.
If the pain of the piles is excruciating, then a short term remedy is to apply some coconut oil on the affected parts. It brings a soothing effect to the piles in a very short time, but it cannot treat the piles permanently.
Make a solution of a powdered Alum in a glass of water and apply frequently.
Take about twenty grams of sesame seeds and put them in half a liter of water. Then boil this water till it is reduced to about one-third of its quantity. When done, cool it, and then mash the sesame seeds till they become soft. Then add a tablespoonful of butter to the mashed sesame seeds and eat. This remedy is also very effective for bleeding piles.
Make a mixture of half-teaspoon fresh ginger juice, half-teaspoon fresh limejuice, a tablespoon honey, and a half-teaspoon mint leaves and take this mixture once a day.

•  RECOMMENDATION

Do not eat any constipating foods in case of piles. This will cause undue pressure on the rectum while defecating and will make the piles worse.
The foods to be avoided are meats, udad daals, pickles, fried foods, spicy foods and foods that have sour taste.
It is very important to purify the entire digestive system before any treatment method for the piles will work.
Piles patients must advisably fast for one whole day and then go on a total fruit diet excluding jackfruits must.
Foods like asafetida, mustard, eggplant, bitter melon, jaggery, red chili peppers, mustard oil and salt etc. must be strictly avoided. These can aggravate the condition of piles.
Exercise is also very important. Special exercises must be performed daily in order to improve the circulation in the abdominal area so that the conditions of piles can be avoided.
Drink plenty of liquids especially water. Water is the most natural stool softener in existence, also prevents constipation. 
Do not sit on hard surfaces for a long time.
Try not to cough or sneeze too much while standing.
Various yogasanas such as sarvangasana, vipritakarani, halsana and gomukhasana are also useful. Sarvangasana is highly beneficial as it drains the stagnant blood from the anus. Yogic kriyas like jalneti and vamandhouti are highly beneficial.